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Invincibility is a commendable goal – but can hi-tech weapons systems really provide an invincible defense shield? Sohail Gul Khan appears to be a realist because, according to the article, he emphasized that Pakistan is facing daunting challenges of internal and external security. But “invincible” means “incapable of being defeated.” Throughout time, great warriors have strived to achieve invincibility, but without success. History shows that adversaries inevitably devise methods to counter new weapon systems, and no doubt they will do the same in Pakistan.
Fortunately, there is a science-based approach that can protect Pakistan from both internal and external threats. It is appropriately termed, Invincible Defense Technology (IDT), because it assures invincibility, peace and even economic progress, to the nation and the military that employ it.
Invincible Defense Technology (IDT), a Proven, State-of-the-Art, Non-violent Military Solution
The IDT approach to defense has its basis in a radically new preventive model that has been thoroughly field-tested in numerous world battlegrounds. This approach results in rapid reduction of individual, societal and national collective stress. Its methods have been proven and adopted as part of the training of America’s future commanders at Norwich University, a nationally respected and oldest military academy in the USA (see also the YouTube video “Meditation Improves Performance at Military University“). IDT is further validated by 23 peer-reviewed studies carried out in both developed and developing nations. Its coherence-creating effect has also been documented on a global scale in a study published in the Journal of Offender Rehabilitation. When large assemblies of civilian IDT experts gathered during the years 1983–1985, international conflict decreased 32%, terrorism-related casualties decreased 72%, and overall violence was reduced in nations without intrusion by other governments.
IDT is totally unlike any other defense technology because it does not use violence in an attempt to quell violence. It is a more civilized approach, one especially worthy of nations that abhor violence as a means to power. IDT uniquely goes to the root cause of violence – the built-up stress in the individual and collective consciousness. Scientists have evidence that high levels of collective societal stress are the underlying cause of war, violence, crime and terrorism. When the IDT methodology is applied, stress levels throughout the population are rapidly reduced.
In an environment of lowered stress even staunch adversaries find ways to cooperate and overcome long-standing differences.
IDT Reduces Societal Stress
IDT uniquely neutralizes the underlying power base of contending groups, which is the stress, frustration and civil dissatisfaction prevailing in the general population. By eliminating the root cause of insurgency, violent outbreaks are pre-empted and prevented. IDT is effective because it gets to the heart of the matter. Terrorism often thrives in nations in which decades or even centuries of under-employment, poverty, and hunger have created a huge societal weight of stress, frustration and endemic unhappiness. This inevitably finds expression in acts of terrorism, civil unrest, social violence, and a downward spiral of economic degradation.
A specially trained military unit, an “IDT Prevention Wing of the Military,” uses IDT to reduce stress in the national collective consciousness. IDT could also be introduced into other large groups such as the police forces, or militias. As the stress and frustration ease, the population is more capable of finding orderly and constructive solutions to their problems.
Experience with IDT in other war-torn nations demonstrated increases in economic incentive and growth. Entrepreneurship and individual creativity also increased. With increased civic calm, people’s aspirations are raised and a more productive and balanced society emerges. Such a society abhors violence as a means for change or as an expression of discontent. With this, the ground for terrorism is eliminated. What is more fascinating, this change takes place within a few days or weeks after IDT is introduced. The changes are measurable from such statistics as crime rates, accidents, hospital admissions, infant mortality, etc.
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Military personnel in Latin America, Africa and Asia practice group Transcendental Meditation to help protect their nations from terrorism and war
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The daily routine for the IDT military personnel includes the non-religious practice of the Transcendental Meditation
program along with its advanced form, the TM-Sidhi program. As a societal coherence-creating military unit, they practice these programs twice a day, seven days a week, preferably in a secure location near the targeted population.
Such coherence-creating groups have achieved positive benefits in society, shown statistically, in a short time. Modern statistical methods used in this research show a low probability of any explanation other than a causal influence of the technology.
The IDT approach has been used during wartime resulting in the reduction of fighting, a decreased number of deaths and casualties, and an improvement in progress toward resolving the conflict peacefully. The war in Lebanon in 1983 was dramatically impacted in a peaceful way by an IDT Intervention Group. A thoroughly documented study of this phenomenon was published in the Journal of Conflict Resolution, and summaries of follow-up studies were published in the Journal of Social Behavior and Personality and the Journal of Scientific Exploration.
Summary
IDT works by utilizing our natural human brain mechanics, the most powerful natural resource possessed by every nation on earth. The beneficial transformational effects of IDT have been statistically proven numerous times to decrease and prevent violence and terrorism, and boost the economy.
IDT defense technology supersedes all other known defense technologies (which are based on electronic, chemical, and/or nuclear forces). These old, fear-based modalities are ultimately self-destructive for any nation, and for the human race as a whole, and must be replaced with IDT. So far, IDT is the only known, proven constructive approach.
The military that deploys this powerful, human-resource-based technology disallows negative trends and prevents enemies from arising, and as a result, it has no enemies. No enemies means no war, terrorism and no insurgency.
The Time for Action is Now
In his speech Air Marshal Sohail Gul Khan also asserted that the PAF must incorporate contemporary training concepts and methodologies. IDT is the twenty-first century’s leading-edge defense system. If the Pakistan Air Force establishes IDT Prevention Wings of the Military, they will ease high tensions, reverse mistrust, crush hatred, create stability and permanently prevent war and terrorism. Extensive scientific research objectively says, “Yes, the system works.” Why not use it in Pakistan? Time is running out. The best time to act is now, before Pakistan’s perilous situation worsens.
About the author:
| Dr. Leffler served as an Associate of the Proteus Management Group at the Center for Strategic Leadership, US Army War College where he was published in “55 Trends Now Shaping the Future of Terrorism” – a US government-sponsored report aimed at governmental and military leaders. This groundbreaking report includes sections by Dr. David Leffler on Invincible Defense Technology, including an appendix entitled: “An Overlooked, Proven Solution to Terrorism.” Excerpts about Invincible Defense Technology taken from the 254 page report are available online at: http://www.DavidLeffler.com/terrorism-trends.html Note: The entire paper version of the report is available online at: http://www.amazon.com/Trends-Now-Shaping-Future-Terrorism/dp/1441451412 Currently Dr. Leffler serves as the Executive Director at the Center for Advanced Military Science (CAMS) in Fairfield, Iowa and teaches IDT. He is on Twitter and Facebook.
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Posted by admin in EDUCATION ABROAD on October 17th, 2014
Posted by aka in Education, Rabi-Zidni-Ilma, Science on April 23rd, 2013
Reference
At the center of every atom lies its nucleus, a tiny collection of particles called protons and neutrons. In this article we’ll explore the nature of those protons and neutrons, which are made from yet smaller particles, called quarks, gluons, and anti-quarks (the anti-particles of quarks.) (Gluons, like photons, are their own anti-particles). Quarks and gluons, for all we know today, may be truly elementary (i.e. indivisible and not made from anything smaller). But we’ll return to them later.
Strikingly, protons and neutrons have almost the same mass — to within a fraction of a percent:
This is a clue to their nature: for they are, indeed, very similar. Yes, there’s one obvious difference between them — the proton has positive electric charge, while the neutron has no electric charge (i.e., is `neutral’, hence its name). Consequently the former is affected by electric forces while the latter is not. At first glance this difference seems like a very big deal! But it’s actually rather minor. In all other ways, a proton and neutron are almost twins. Not only their masses but also their internal structures are almost identical.
Because they are so similar, and because they are the particles out of which nuclei are made, protons and neutrons are often collectively called “nucleons”.
Protons were identified and characterized around 1920 (though they were discovered earlier; the nucleus of a hydrogen atom is simply a single proton) and neutrons were discovered around 1933. The fact that protons and neutrons are very similar was understood almost immediately. But the fact that protons and neutrons have a measurable size, comparable in size to a nucleus (about 100,000 times smaller in radius than a typical atom), wasn’t learned til 1954. That they are made from quarks, anti-quarks and gluons was gradually understood in a period lasting from the mid-1960s to the mid-1970s. By the late 1970s and early 1980s, our understanding of protons and neutrons and what they are made of had largely stabilized, and has remained essentially unchanged since then.
It is much more difficult to describe nucleons than it is to describe atoms or nuclei. That’s not to say that atoms are altogether simple (you can read about my attempts here, which are made complicated by the subtleties of quantum mechanics) but at least one can say, without too much hesitation, that a helium atom is made from two electrons orbiting a tiny helium nucleus; and a helium nucleus is a relatively simple cluster of two neutrons and two protons. But a nucleon? Here things are not so easy. As I wrote elsewhere in my article “What’s a proton, anyway?” — useful reading for anyone who wants to understand the Large Hadron Collider [LHC] — an atom is like an elegant minuet, whereas a nucleon is like a wild dance party.
The complexity of the proton and of the neutron seems to be real, and not due to a lack of knowledge on the part of physicists. We have equations that we use for describing quarks, anti-quarks and gluons, and the strong nuclear forces that they exert on one another. [These equations are called “QCD”, short for “quantum chromodynamics”.]We can check the accuracy of those equations through many different measurements, including the rates for producing various types of particles at the LHC. And when we put the QCD equations into a big computer, and make the computer calculate the properties of protons and neutrons, and other similar particles (collectively called “hadrons”), the computer’s predictions for the properties of these particles closely resemble what we see in the real world. So we do have good reason to believe that the QCD equations are right, and that our knowledge of the proton and neutron is based on the right equations. Yet having the right equations isn’t enough by itself, because
As far as we can tell, that is the situation with nucleons: they are complicated solutions to the relatively simple equations of QCD, and there seems to be no way to describe them in a few words or pictures.
Because of the inherent complexity of nucleons, you, the reader, will have to make a choice at this point: how much of this complexity would you like to learn about? No matter how far you go, you will probably not be entirely satisfied; for although the answers to your questions may well become more enlightening as you learn more, the ultimate answer remains that the proton and neutron are complicated. So all I can offer you now is three layers of understanding, in increasing detail; you can choose to stop after any layer and move on to other subjects, or you can keep going to the last layer. Each layer begs questions that I can partially answer in the next layer, but the answers provided beg further questions. In the end — just as I do in professional conversations with my colleagues and advanced students — I can only appeal to data from real experiments, various powerful theoretical arguments, and the computer simulations I mentioned.
The First Layer of Understanding
What are protons and neutrons made of?
To try to make things easy, many books, articles and websites will tell you that protons are made from three quarks (two up quarks and a down quark) and draw a picture like the one shown in Figure 1. The neutron is the same, but with one up quark and two down quarks, as also shown in Figure 1. This simple picture represents what some (but not all) scientists first believed protons and neutrons were, mainly in the 1960s. But this view was soon realized to be a significant oversimplification… to the point that it really is not correct.
More sophisticated sources of information will tell you that protons are made from three quarks (two up quarks and a down quark) that are held together with gluons — and they might draw the picture something like that shown in Figure 2, with gluons drawn like springs or strings holding the quarks together. Neutrons are again the same but with one up quark and two down quarks.
This is not quite as bad a way to describe nucleons, because it emphasizes the important role of the strong nuclear force, whose associated particle is the gluon (in the same way that the particle associated with the electromagnetic force is the photon, the particle from which light is made.) But it is also intrinsically confusing, partly because it doesn’t really reflect what gluons are or what they do.
So there are reasons to go further and describe things as I have elsewhere on this website: a proton is made from three quarks (two up quarks and a down quark), lots of gluons, and lots of quark-antiquark pairs (mostly up quarks and down quarks, but also even a few strange quarks); they are all flying around at very high speed (approaching or at the speed of light); and the whole collection is held together by the strong nuclear force. I’ve illustrated this with Figure 3. Again, neutrons are the same but with one up quark and two down quarks; the quark whose identity has been changed is marked with a violet arrow.
Not only are these quarks, anti-quarks and gluons whizzing around, but they are constantly colliding with each other and converting one to another, via processes such as particle-antiparticle annihilation (in which a quark plus an anti-quark of the same type converts to two gluons, or vice versa) and gluon absorption or emission (in which a quark and gluon may collide and a quark and two gluons may emerge, or vice versa).
[If you don’t trust my Figure 3, you may want to readthis article, where I describe how processes at the LHC would be quite different if Figure 3 were wrong, and something like Figure 1 or Figure 2 were true instead.]
Let’s look at what all three descriptions have in common.
And because
each of the figures attributes the proton’s electric charge to the charge of two up quarks and one down quark, with the “other stuff” contributing zero charge in total; similarly the neutron’s electric charge is due to that of one up quark and two down quarks:
Where the three descriptions differ is in
Figure 1 would have you believe that quarks are basically one third of a nucleon, somewhat the way a proton or a neutron represents one quarter of a helium nucleus or one twelfth of a carbon nucleus. Were this picture right, the quarks in a nucleon would move around relatively slowly (at speeds much slower than the speed of light) with relatively weak forces between them (though with some kind of powerful force keeping them from escaping). The mass of an up quark, and that of a down quark, would be about 0.3 GeV/c2, about one third of the mass of a proton. But this simple picture, and the ideas that go with it, just isn’t correct.
Figure 3 (I’ll come back to Figure 2) gives an entirely different view of a proton, as a seething cauldron of particles rushing around at speeds approaching the speed of light. These particles are colliding with one another; in these collisions, some of those particles are annihilated, while others are created in their place. The gluons are massless particles, while up quarks have masses about 0.004 GeV/c2 and down quarks have masses about 0.008 GeV/c2 — hundreds of times smaller than the mass of the proton. Where the proton’s mass-energy comes from is complicated: some of it is from the mass-energy of the quarks and anti-quarks, some of it is from the motion-energy of the quarks, anti-quarks and gluons, and some of it (possibly positive, possibly negative) is from the energy stored in the strong nuclear forces that are needed to hold the quarks, anti-quarks and gluons together to form the proton.
In a sense, Figure 2 tries to split the difference between Figure 1 and Figure 3. It simplifies Figure 3 by removing the many quark-antiquark pairs, which one might argue are ephemeral, as they constantly appear and disappear, and are not essential. But it tends to give the impression that the gluons found in a nucleon are directly part of the strong nuclear force that holds the proton together. And it doesn’t really make very clear where the mass of the proton comes from.
Figure 1 has another flaw, when we look beyond the narrow confines of the proton and neutron. It is not so good for explaining some of the properties of other hadrons, like the pion and the rho meson. Figure 2 shares some of these problems.
These limitations of Figures 1 and 2 are the reason that I choose to convey, both to my students and here on this website, the image shown in Figure 3. But I must warn you already that there are many limitations to the picture, too, which I’ll get into in later layers.
Still, it is worth noting that the extreme internal complexity implied by Figure 3 is to be expected for an object held together with a force as strong as the strong nuclear force. If you want to know why, you can read on in the second layer of detail… after we discuss the mass of the proton and neutron.
One more comment: the three quarks (two ups and a down for a proton) that aren’t a part of a quark/anti-quark pair are often referred to as “valence quarks”, with the pairs of quarks and anti-quarks called “sea quarks”. This language is technically very useful in many contexts. But it gives the false impression that if you somehow could look inside a proton, and you looked at a particular quark, you could quickly identify whether it was a sea quark or a valence quark. You can’t do that; there’s no way to tell.
The Mass of the Proton, and That of the Neutron
Since the proton and neutron masses are so similar, and since the proton and neutron differ only by the replacement of an up quark with a down quark, it seems likely that their masses arise in the same way, from the same source, with the difference in their masses due to a some minor difference between up quarks and down quarks. But the three figures above suggest three very different views of where the proton mass comes from.
Figure 1 would suggest that the up and down quarks are simply 1/3 of the mass of the proton and of the neutron: about 0.313 GeV/c2, or maybe a bit more or less due to the energy needed to hold the quarks together in the proton. And since the difference between the proton and neutron masses is just a fraction of a percent, the difference between the up and down quark mass should also be a fraction of a percent.
Figure 2 is a bit less clear. What fraction of the proton’s mass comes from the gluons? But certainly one would gather from the picture that much of the proton’s mass comes from the quarks’ masses, as in Figure 1.
But Figure 3 reflects the more subtle way in which the proton’s mass actually comes about (as we can check directly using computer calculations of the proton, and indirectly using other mathematical methods). It is very different from what is suggested in Figure 1 and 2, and not so simple.
To understand how this works, one should think first not in terms of the mass m of the proton but in terms of its mass-energy E = mc2, the energy associated to its mass. The right conceptual question to ask is not “where does the proton’s mass m come from”, after which you calculate its mass-energy E by multiplying m by c2, but rather the reverse: ask “where does the proton’s mass-energy E come from”, and then calculate the mass m by dividing E by c2.
It’s useful to classify the contributions to the proton’s mass-energy into three groupings
What Figure 3 suggests is that the particles inside the proton are rushing around at high speed, and there are many massless gluons in the proton, so contribution (B) is bigger than contribution (A). Typically, in most physical systems, (B) and (C) turn out to be of comparable size, though often (C) is actually negative! So the proton mass-energy (and similarly the neutron mass-energy) is mostly coming from a combination of (B) and (C), with (A) a small contributor. And therefore this is also true of the proton and neutron mass; they are arising not so much from the masses of the particles they contain but from themotion-energies of the particles they contain and from interaction-energy, associated with the gluon fields that exert the forces holding the proton together. (The balance of energies is very different in most other systems we’re familiar. For instance, in atoms and in the solar system, (A) dominates, with (B) and (C) much smaller and comparable to each other.)
To summarize all this, consider that
And we know that Figure 3 is essentially right. That’s because we can do computer simulations to check it, and because (most importantly!) we know, from various powerful arguments that theorists have developed, that if the up and down quark masses were zero (and everything else was left unchanged), the proton mass would barely change from what we observe it to be. So it would appear that the masses of the quarks can’t be important contributors to the mass of the proton.
If Figure 3 is right, the quark and anti-quark masses are rather small. How small are they really? The up quark mass (same as the mass of the anti-quark) is at most 0.005 GeV/c2, far, far smaller than the 0.313 GeV/c2 suggested by Figure 1. (The up quark mass is hard to measure and its apparent value is shifted by subtle effects, so in fact it might be much smaller than 0.005 GeV/c2.) And the down quark mass is about 0.004 GeV/c2 larger than the up quark mass. That means the mass of any quark or antiquark is less than a percent of the proton’s mass.
Notice also that (in contrast to what Figure 1 would imply) this means that the ratio of the down quark mass to the up quark mass is not close to one! In fact the down quark mass is roughly double the mass of the up quark, or more. The reason that the neutron and proton masses are so similar is not that the up and down quark masses are similar, but that the up and down quark masses are both very small — the difference between them is small relative to the proton and neutron masses. And remember that to turn a proton into a neutron you merely have to replace one of its up quarks by a down quark (Figure 3); that replacement is enough to make the neutron slightly heavier than a proton, and shift its electric charge from +e to zero.
By the way, the fact that the various particles inside the proton are colliding with each other, appearing and disappearing in the process, doesn’t affect this discussion — because in every such collision, energy is conserved (i.e. the amount of it is unchanged). The mass-energy and motion-energy of the quarks and gluons may change, and their overall interaction-energy may change, but the total energy of the proton doesn’t change, even though the stuff inside is continually rearranged. So the proton’s mass is constant, despite the maelstrom within.
Ok. It’s important to take a moment to drink this all in. How remarkable is this! Almost all mass found in the ordinary matter around us is that of the nucleons within atoms. And most of that mass comes from the chaos intrinsic to a proton or neutron — from the motion-energy of a nucleon’s quarks, gluons and anti-quarks, and from the interaction-energy of the strong nuclear forces that hold a nucleon intact. Yes: our planet, our bodies and our breath are what they are as a result of a silent, and until recently unimaginable, internal pandemonium.
Posted by admin in Hypocrites in Islam, Islam: The Universal Message of Peace, ISLAMOPHOBIA, Rabi-Zidni-Ilma on March 16th, 2013
Looking back at over 1450 years of Islam, we would find that maximum damage to the image of this holy religion has been done not by its opponents, alleged Kafirs (non believers) or other enemies of islam, but unfortunately by those who proudly recite Kalma in the name of Allah and call themselves the true followers of Islam. Whether it was the internal conflict during the time of the Prophet, the period of Khilafat and Imamat, the battle of Karbala or violent expansionism, terrorism or plundering in the later period in the name of Islam; we can see that no non-Muslim society, group or community was involved. How can a religion like Islam, which spread so fast to become the second most followed religion in the world, is today equated with terrorism? Not only terrorism, lately Islam has been in the storm of many controversies.
Kalbe saadiq
For instance, there is an ongoing debate amongst various groups of Muslims on the issues of female education, music, hijab, costume, beard etc. Usually, such issues come to the fore when some Maulvi or cleric representing a responsible authority, gives a controversial statement. In this age of social media, any type of controversial statement delivered by a cleric of any country spreads across the world in no time. Such statements are then debated upon, praised and mocked upon at different social networks. Some time back, such a controversial statement by a Maulvi of Egypt was broadcast on TV. He might have thought that his statement was in the interest of the Islam. But actually, it did the opposite.
A famous Egyptian cleric Mahmood Al Masri found saying on TV that even though lying is a crime in Islam, yet in certain circumstances a Muslim can tell a lie. To give weight to his argument, he alluded to a story. As per the said story, there was a Jew living in neighborhood of a Muslim. That Jew was very honest and talented. The Muslim guy thought of inviting him to convert into Islam. One day he asked his Jew neighbor about his views on Islam and exhorted him to become a Muslim. On this, the Jew replied that Islam was definitely a good religion and he liked it very much. But his problem was that he was an alcoholic. He couldn’t stay away from liquor. Hence, he couldn’t follow Islam, since Islam strictly prohibits the use of liquor. On listening this, the Muslim trick fully assured the Jew that he could continue to drink even after converting to Islam. The Jew couldn’t believe this. He asked the Muslim again if it is possible to continue drinking even after following Islam. The Muslim again replied in affirmative. The Jew got excited. He recited Kalma in front of the Muslim and after due process, got converted into a Muslim. Just after accepting Islam the converted Jew expressed his temptation to have alcohol, the Muslim said, “now that you are a Muslim, you can’t indulge in any anti-Islamic activity such as drinking. If you dared to drink, then that would be treated as a sin and you will be punished according to the Islamic law. The converted Jew got scared and finally stopped drinking.
Masri
Through this story, Maulvi Masri tried to explain in which situations a Muslim can lie. But after this was broadcast, Masri had to face a lot of criticism. People mocked at him. Besides, a debate was sparked whether propagation of religion by the use of lies, deceit and terror is justified? Similarly, many such controversies involving various Islamic “scholars” show that the wrong interpretations regarding Islam by these little-knowing clerics since the last 1450 years has brought a bad name to the religion.
Now let’s look at another interpretation of Islam by a famous Indian cleric Kalb-e-Sadiq. On the importance of human life in Islam, Maulvi Sadiq gives a hypothetical example whereby a Roza(fast) observing Muslim, after taking bath and Vazu for Namaaz, is on way to perform Haj with the Haj travel passport in his pocket. On way, he finds a Hindu/non-Muslim drowning in a river and screaming for help. In this situation, Sadiq says, it is the duty of that Muslim to jump into the water and save the life of that non-Muslim. Although doing this will break his fast and wet his passport, after which he won’t be able to perform Haj. But in the eyes of Islam, saving the life of a human being is more important than Namaaz, Roza and Haj. After giving this example, Maulvi Sadiq asks the charlatan clerics and extremists that how can a religion, which attaches the maximum importance to the human life, permit the killing of innocents?
Statements and fatwas by different clerics help initiating a global discourse on the teachings of Islam. Unfortunately, the statements given by the liberal maulvis, showing the humanitarian side of Islam, are less highlighted; whereas the staments and fatwas delivered by the radical Mullahs in which they present Islam in bad light, spread like fire across the globe. Undoubtedly, such illogical, misguiding and baseless examples, stories and interpretations, as told by Masri, play a major role in bringing a bad name to this holy religion of Islam.
Tanveer Jafri
Columnist
1622/11, Mahavir Nagar, Ambala City (Haryana) (INDIA)
PHONE: 0091-171-2535628, Mob: 091-9896219228
EMAIL: [email protected] , [email protected] , [email protected]
Posted by admin in Bhutto-Zardari Feudal Family Corruption, BOOT THE SCOUNDRELS OR SHOWDAZ, Corruption in Islamic Countries, Education, Jahiliya "Jihadis"Illiterate Fanatics, Looters and Scam Artists, Pakistan's Hall of Shame, PPP 's Raja Rental Pervez Corruption, THE BATTLE FOR PAKISTAN SERIES, ZARDAR'S CORRUPTION on March 14th, 2013
Now with 44 University and High Schoool names (and probably more by the time you read this) and more than 100 self-serving promotional websites, This outfit from Pakistan (officially known as Organization for Global Learning Education) has evolved into a monopoly of the world’s largest issuer of illegal college degrees.
From Karachi, Pakistan, 30-year-old Salem Kureshi runs these
illegal high schools and universities out of his home.
– khou.com, Houston, Texas
On January 1, 2003, from his apartment in Karachi Pakistan, Salem Kureshi decided to sell illegal college and high school degrees to unsuspecting Americans. He created Belford University and Belford high school. He also created Rochville University and Rochville High School. Only there were no schools — no experience needed — no books — no learning — no matriculation — no classroom attendance required. The only requirement was a credit card and $300. With an inkjet printer, a Microsoft Word template, and a few cheap websites,Kureshi became an overnight millionaire.
The massive Karachi-based Organization for Global Learning Education has perpetrated a scam on the American public that continues to contravene domestic and international laws. They have lied to and ignored our government investigators — and it appears they are going to get away with it. They get your money through a number of fake universities and launder the money through an organization known as Education Services Provider (in California) that in turn deposits your money to a bank in Pakistan.
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