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Posted by admin in Pakistan-A Nation of Hope on March 2nd, 2014
Feudal System & Feudal Lords is a cancerous disease which Pakistan is suffering since its birth. The then Indian Leaders believing to Nip the Evil in the Bud got it eliminated in its first year of coming into birth. I wish and pray from the core of my heart if the Supreme Court of Pakistan could do so but I have my own doubt if they could do so. The Feudal Lords shall do its utmost to make it failure. I am of the view that unless this evil is there in Pakistan, we shall never be able to rise to the level of other nation of the world like Japan, Germany even for that matter with India too. I wonder this evil even could not be eliminated by all the Military Rulers of the past….
Because it is so deep rooted and need a Revolution like France, China and Iran. And a Bloody Revolution is what will Ensue, if this evil is not eliminated by Constitutional Means
The Feudalism in Pakistan (Urdu: زمینداری نظام zamīndāri nizam) has a stranglehold on the economy and politics of the nation. The feudal landlords have created states within a state where they rule their fiefs with impunity. The landlord’s influence spans over the police, bureaucracy and judiciary. The majority of the politicians in Pakistan are themselves feudal landlords.
The Bhuttos’ is one of the richest families of the subcontinent, The Bhuttos own around 40,000 acres (161874000 m² or 161.874 km²) of land in Sindh and assets worth billions of dollars.
Throughout history, feudalism has appeared in different forms. The feudal prototype in Pakistan consists of landlords with large joint families possessing hundreds or even thousands of acres of land. They seldom make any direct contribution to agricultural production. Instead, all work is done by peasants or tenants who live at subsistence level.
The landlord, by virtue of his ownership and control of such vast amounts of land and human resources, is powerful enough to influence the distribution of water, fertilisers, tractor permits and agricultural credit and, consequently exercises considerable influence over the revenue, police and judicial administration of the area. The landlord is, thus, lord and master. Such absolute power can easily corrupt, and it is no wonder that the feudal system there is humanly degrading.
Table Courtesy: Haq’s Musing (Reference)
The system, which some critics say is parasitical at its very root, induces a state of mind which may be called the feudal mentality. This can be defined as an attitude of selfishness and arrogance on the part of the landlords. It is all attitude nurtured by excessive wealth and power, while honesty, justice, love of learning and respect for the law have all but disappeared. Having such a mentality, when members of feudal families obtain responsible positions in civil service, business, industry and politics, their influence is multiplied in all directions. Indeed the worsening moral, social, economic and political crisis facing this country can be attributed mainly to the powerful feudal influences operating there.
Although the system has weakened over the years through increased industrialization, urbanization and land reforms such as those introduced by Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto, oligarchs still hold much power in the politics of Pakistan due to their financial backing, rural influence and family led politics which involves whole families to be in politics at any one time and cross marriages between large feudal families to create greater influence. Many children of feudal families are also argued to take up bureaucratic roles to support family agendas.
To begin with, the Pakistan Muslim League, the party laying Pakistan’s foundation 53 years ago, was almost wholly dominated by feudal lords such as the Zamindars, Jagirdars, Nawabs, Nawabzadas, Mansabdars, Arbabs, Makhdooms, and Sardars, the sole exception being the Jinnahs (merchants and lawyers) and the Sharifs (industrialists). Pakistan’s major political parties are feudal-oriented, and more than two-thirds of the National Assembly (lower house of the legislature) is composed of this class. Besides, most of the key executive posts in the provinces are held by them.
Through the 1950s and the 1960s the feudal families retained control over national affairs through the bureaucracy and the armed forces. Later, in 1972, they assumed direct power and retained it until the military regained power recently. Thus, any political observer can see that this oligarchy, albeit led by and composed of different men at different times, has been in power since Pakistan’s inception.(Reference)
Z.A. Bhutto’s nationalization in the 1970s was the biggest culprit that stymiedindustrialization of Pakistan and the growth of the middle class, while it preserved the feudal system. Bhutto emasculated the industrialists who encouraged better education and skills development for workers for their industries, while feudal rulers continued to take their toll on the rural poor living on their lands who remain their slaves and reliably continue to vote their feudal lords into power in the name of democracy.
The Bhutto era nationalization has left such deep scars on the psyche of Pakistani industrialists that, to this day, these industrialists are not willing to make long-term investments in big industrial projects with long gestation periods.
To perpetuate the feudal system in the name of democracy, the PPP has a new prince,Prince Bilawal Bhutto Zardari, with his father Asif Ali Zardari acting as regent. Prince Bilawal is being heavily used and abused by Asif Zardari to promote the interests of the his incompetent and corrupt leadership, and to ensure that PPP remains in power to serve the feudal elite under the guise of democracy.
Here are a couple of video clips of Prince Bilawal who spent part of his summer vacation in Pakistan stumping for the PPP:
The military governments have, in fact, been more pro-industrialization because the military elite benefits from the manufacturing sector as much much as it does from real estate and agriculture sectors.
I am disappointed that the military, particularly President Musharraf, did not dismantle and destroy the feudal system when they had a chance. Instead, to respond to external pressure from the West, the military dictators, including General Musharraf, bought off some of the PPP or PML feudals, held elections and created the facade of democracy. This allowed the feudals to continue to dominate Pakistan’s political landscape under both military and civilian governments.
However, over the decades, Pakistani economy has consistently performed better and created a lot more jobs during military rule than under the PPP or the PML “democratic” governments. These new jobs have helped tens of millions in the rural areas with the option to leave the life of slavery on the farms to get jobs in cities in the industrial and services sectors of the economy.
Pakistan’s average economic growth rate was 6.8% in the 60s (Gen. Ayub Khan), 4.5% in the 70s(Zulfikar Bhutto), 6.5% in the 80s (Gen. Zia ul-Haq), and 4.8% in the 90s (Benazir Bhutto and Nawaz Sharif). Growth picked up momentum in the 21st Century underGeneral Musharraf, and from 2000-2007, Pakistan’s economy grew at an average 7.5%, making it the third fastest growing economy in Asia after China and India. There were 2-3 million new jobs created each year from 2000-2007, which significantly enlarged the middle class, and helped millions escape poverty.
Posted by admin in SOS TO PAKISTANIS on October 27th, 2013
تھر کوئلہ پر کون قبضہ ک رنا چا ہتا ہے۔?
An Eye Opener
One of our teachers is doing PhD in Bio-Chemistry. As part of his field work, he has been contracted by Dr Samar Mubarakmand for development of coal gas in Thar, for production of electricity. The ca reserves were found to be deep in water and extraction very difficult and costly. So as a step one they have successfully managed production no water gas which can be used by industrial units for their domestic production of electricity at almost no cost!!
Later the coal gas can be used for the normal PPs. He is one of five scientists tasked with this project. And they have successfully achieved the task in less than half the time allotted.
They were then asked by Dr Samar to make a presentation to the PM – Nawaz Sharif. This is what my teacher tells me;-
They made the presentation to the PM and he praised them and said he had heard of their good work, and that we will be giving the Awam good news very soon. Thereafter he said you should stop this project and we will pay you manifold from what these people are giving you. Just say that the project cannot proceed – – -!!
My teacher says that they were briefed before the meeting that they should not ask any questions or raise objections. So they kept in stunned silence at the utterances of the PM. However one of their team a Miss Shiza spoke up and said that we are not doing this for you but for Pakistan, and you should not be talking like this – – -. The bold girl berated Nawaz openly, while he shrunk into his seat and did not say anything, and was looking glum!
The next morning when Miss Shiza left her home in her car, she was fired upon!!! The message was clear.
Then one of the advisers of PM sent them a message that they should abandon the project where it is. A similar project had been launched earlier which had failed. Now they will say that the second attempt by the country’s scientists has failed and now we will invite some foreign firm. In the meantime electricity will be imported from abroad (India?). If you stop this project, you will be ” weighed in notes”.
Earlier on one of PM’s advisers had visited their work site in Thar and told them to ensure the project fails and “you will be compensated heavily”
During their meeting with the PM, the latter had asked them to think seriously about what the “Musheer” had talked to them!
My teacher is very upset. he says that as per their calculations the electricity could pe produced at a maximum of Rs 0.75 per unit. How much could they eat out of that??!
However the up side is that Gen Wyne, Chairman, Joint Chiefs of Staff, has sent them a message through Dr Samar to carry their work and not to worry as “they will protect you”.
I thought I should let you know what is actually going on. This is no hearsay. Its my own teacher involved and I have questioned him extensively before writing this.
Do let every one know. Do whatever we can.
Thar coal Reserves
If All The Oil Reserves of Saudia Arabia & Iran Are Put Together These will be Approximately 375 Billion Barrels, But
A Single Thar Coal Reserve Of Sindh is about 850 Trillion Cubic Feet, Which is More Than Oil Reserves Of Saudia & Iran.
These reserves estimated at 850 trillion cubic feet (TCF) of gas, about 30 times higher than Pakistan‘s proven gas reserves of 28 TCF.
Dr Murtaza Mughal president of Pakistan Economy Watch in a statement said that these reserves of coal worth USD 25 trillion not only cater the electricity requirements of the country for next 100 years but also save almost four billion dollars in staggering oil import bill.
Just 2% usage of Thar Coal Can Produce 20,000 Mega Watts of Electricity for next 40Years, without any single Second of Load Shedding. If the whole reserves are utilized, then it could easily be imagined how much energy could be generated.
The coal power generation would cost Pakistan PKR 5.67per unit while power generated by Independent Power Projects presently costPKR 9.27.
It requires just 420 Billion Rupees Initial Investment, whereas Pakistan receives annually 1220 Billion from Tax Only.
Chinese and other companies had not only carried out surveys and feasibilities of this project but also offered 100 percent investment in last 7 to 8 years but the “Petroleum Gang” always discouraged them in a very systematic way.
This Petroleum lobby is very strong in Pakistan and they are against any other means of power generation except for the imported oil. This lobby is major beneficiary of the increasing oil bill that is estimated above 15 billion dollar this year. Even GOVT is planning to Sell all these reserve to a company on a very low price.
When Pervez Musharraf was president he gave green signal to embark upon the initiation of work on exploiting energy potential of these coal reserves of Thar under a modern strategy.
Modern life is unimaginable without electricity. It lights houses, buildings, streets, provides domestic and industrial heat, and powers most equipment used in homes, offices and machinery in factories. Improving access to electricity worldwide is critical to alleviating poverty.
Coal plays a vital role in electricity generation worldwide. Coal-fired power plants currently fuel 41% of global electricity. In some countries, coal fuels a higher percentage of electricity.
|
Coal in Electricity Generation |
||
|
South Africa 93% |
Poland 92% |
PR China 79% |
|
Australia 77% |
Kazakhstan 70% |
India 69% |
|
Israel 63% |
Czech Rep 60% |
Morocco 55% |
|
Greece 52% |
USA 49% |
Germany 46% |
The importance of coal to electricity generation worldwide is set to continue, with coal fuelling 44% of global electricity in 2030.
Steam coal, also known as thermal coal, is used in power stations to generate electricity.
Coal is first milled to a fine powder, which increases the surface area and allows it to burn more quickly. In these pulverised coal combustion (PCC) systems, the powdered coal is blown into the combustion chamber of a boiler where it is burnt at high temperature (see diagram below). The hot gases and heat energy produced converts water – in tubes lining the boiler – into steam.
The high pressure steam is passed into a turbine containing thousands of propeller-like blades. The steam pushes these blades causing the turbine shaft to rotate at high speed. A generator is mounted at one end of the turbine shaft and consists of carefully wound wire coils. Electricity is generated when these are rapidly rotated in a strong magnetic field. After passing through the turbine, the steam is condensed and returned to the boiler to be heated once again.
The electricity generated is transformed into the higher voltages (up to 400,000 volts) used for economic, efficient transmission via power line grids. When it nears the point of consumption, such as our homes, the electricity is transformed down to the safer 100-250 voltage systems used in the domestic market.
Improvements continue to be made in conventional PCC power station design and new combustion technologies are being developed. These allow more electricity to be produced from less coal – known as improving the thermal efficiency of the power station. Efficiency gains in electricity generation from coal-fired power stations will play a crucial part in reducing CO2 emissions at a global level.
Efficiency improvements include the most cost-effective and shortest lead time actions for reducing emissions from coal-fired power generation. This is particularly the case in developing countries where existing power plant efficiencies are generally lower and coal use in electricity generation is increasing. Not only do higher efficiency coal-fired power plants emit less carbon dioxide per megawatt (MW), they are also more suited to retrofitting with CO2 capture systems.
Improving the efficiency of pulverised coal-fired power plants has been the focus of considerable efforts by the coal industry. There is huge scope for achieving significant efficiency improvements as the existing fleet of power plants are replaced over the next 10-20 years with new, higher efficiency supercritical and ultra-supercritical plants and through the wider use of Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) systems for power generation.
A one percentage point improvement in the efficiency of a conventional pulverised coal combustion plant results in a 2-3% reduction in CO2 emissions.
DATA LISTED ABOVE IS COURTESY A GREAT PAKISTANI BLOG:
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